MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

Bandages
Quickclot
Field dressing (basic bandage)
Packing bandage
Elastic bandage
SEE ‘TYPES OF BANDAGES’ FOR USE ON TYPES OF WOUNDS

DRUGS
Morphine auto injector: Gets rid of pain/ lowers heart rate
Atropine Auto Injector: lowers heart rate in small doses, raises heart rate in high doses
Epinephrine Auto Injector: wakes patient up/ raises heart rate and blood pressure

LIQUIDS
Saline IV- comes in 250ml, 500ml, 1000ml: used to replace lost blood/ raise blood pressure
Blood IV- comes in 250ml, 500ml, 1000ml: used to replace lost blood (CAN BURST IF CARRIED IN BACKPACK AND WILL SPOIL AFTER 30 MINS OF BEING OUTSIDE MEDICAL BOX OR A VEHICLE)
plasma IV-comes in 250ml, 500ml, 1000ml: used to replace lost blood (CAN BURST IF CARRIED IN BACKPACK AND WILL SPOIL AFTER 30 MINS OF BEING OUTSIDE MEDICAL BOX OR A VEHICLE)

OTHER EQUIPMENT
CAT- Tourniquet: used to stop bleeding on arms or legs (can only be used short term will cause more problems if left on after 5 mins)
Personal Aid Kit: fully heals casualty of all wounds.

TREATING A CASUALTY

EDIT: check pulse first, if no pulse is found check the torso to see if CPR is available. If not casualty is dead.
This is because you can still bandage wounds on people that have been killed (save the meds)

Firstly you need to assess the casualty and find out where he is wounded and stop the bleeding, if casualty is awake you can do this by asking them. if not awake check their pulse and when you interact with them you will see the parts of their body ( HEAD, TORSO, RIGHT/ LEFT LEG, RIGHT/ LEFT ARM) in red, this indicates that part is wounded.

You now need to prioritise body parts on this order;
HEAD
TORSO
LEGS
ARMS

• Start applying the correct bandages to the wounds
• Now check pulse ! if no pulse start CPR on torso.
• Continue until pulse and blood pressure is back
• Administer saline/blood/plasma IVs if blood pressure is low. LOW BLOOD PRESSURE CAN CAUSE THE HEART TO STOP 
• Administer morphine for pain x1 only !! (Effects can last up to 15 mins)

• Administer Epinephrine to wake casualty up x1 only !! (may take time to work)
• Mark triage card

Depended on severity, casualty may need to be healed using Personal Aid Kit or RTB back to base for a full heal in the medical tent

BLOOD PRESSURE


Blood pressure is a difficult process to get your head around (lots of numbers)
its calculated by upto 6 numbers like this XXX/XXX
the first 3 numbers are the systolic blood pressure (this is when you heart pumps)
the second 3 numbers are the diastolic blood pressure (this is when your heart relaxes)

Good blood pressure
120/80 through to 90/60 - take no action

High blood pressure (some of us may know all about this)
121/81 up to 190/100
In real life this can happen with bad diets and drugs, in game this can only happen with overdosing on epinephrine or atropine
EPINEPHRINE MUST NEVER BE GIVEN TO A CASUALTY WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE OR HIGH HEART RATE

Low blood pressure
89/59 down to 0/0 - Ingame this happens when we lose blood

• Apply Saline IV bags (takes awhile to administer, roughly 1 min per 250ml)
• Epinephrine can raise blood pressure but should not be used unless patient is Unconscious (will only raise it slightly so Saline may still be required)

WHAT SHOULD I BE CARRYING

Section/ Squad Member:
4 x Bandage (basic)
3 x Bandage (elastic)
3 x Bandage (packing)
3 x QuikClot
1 x Morphine Autoinjector
2 x Tourniquet (Minimum)
1 x Saline UV (500ml)

CTM/ Medic/ Corpman:
10-15 x Bandage (basic)
15-20 x Bandage (elastic)
5-8 x Bandage (packing)
10-15 x QuikClot
5 x Tourniquet
4-6 x Saline IV (500ml)
5-8 x Morphine Autoinjector
5-8 x Epinephrine Autoinjector
10 x Atropine Autoinjector

TYPES OF WOUNDS

Abrasions (or scrapes)
Also called scrapes, they occur when the skin is rubbed away by friction against another rough surface (e.g. rope burns and skinned knees).
Sources: falling, ropeburn, vehicle crashes.
Effects: pain – extremely light, bleeding – extremely slowly

Avulsions
Occur when an entire structure or part of it is forcibly pulled away, such as the loss of a permanent tooth or an ear lobe. Explosions, gunshots, and animal bites may cause avulsions.
Sources: explosions, vehicle crashes, grenades, artillery shells, bullets, backblast, bites.
Effects: pain – extremely high, bleeding – extremely fast (depends on wound size).

Contusions
Also called bruises, these are the result of a forceful trauma that injures an internal structure without breaking the skin. Blows to the chest, abdomen, or head with a blunt instrument (e.g. a football or a fist) can cause contusions.
Sources: bullets, backblast, punches, vehicle crashes, falling.
Effects: pain – light, no bleeding.

Crush wounds
Occur when a heavy object falls onto a person, splitting the skin and shattering or tearing underlying structures.
Sources: falling, vehicle crashes, punches.
Effects: pain – light, bleeding – extremely slowly.

Cut wounds
Slicing wounds made with a sharp instrument, leaving even edges. They may be as minimal as a paper cut or as significant as a surgical incision.
Sources: vehicle crashes, grenades, explosions, artillery shells, backblast, stabs
Effects: pain – light, bleeding – speed depends on length and size of the wounds.

Lacerations
Also called tears, these are separating wounds that produce ragged edges. They are produced by a tremendous force against the body, either from an internal source as in childbirth, or from an external source like a punch.
Sources: vehicle crashes, punches
Effects: pain – light, bleeding – slow to medium speed (depends on wound size).

Velocity wounds
They are caused by an object entering the body at a high speed, typically a bullet or small peices of shrapnel.
Sources: bullets, grenades, explosions, artillery shells.
Effects: pain – extremely high, bleeding – medium speed (depends on wound size).

Puncture wounds
Deep, narrow wounds produced by sharp objects such as nails, knives, and broken glass.
Sources: stabs, grenades.
Effects: pain – light, bleeding – slowly.

TYPES OF BANDAGES

Bandage (Basic)
Abrasions – highest effectiveness
Contusions – highest effectiveness
Lacerations – medium effectiveness
Crush wounds – low effectiveness
Puncture wounds – low effectiveness
Cut wounds – very low effectiveness
Avulsions – lowest effectiveness
Velocity wounds – lowest effectiveness

Bandage (Packing)
Abrasions – highest effectiveness
Avulsions – highest effectiveness
Contusions – highest effectiveness
Velocity wounds – highest effectiveness
Crush wounds – low effectiveness
Cut wounds – lowest effectiveness
Lacerations – lowest effectiveness
Puncture wounds – lowest effectiveness

Bandage (Elastic)
Abrasions – highest effectiveness
Contusions – highest effectiveness
Crush wounds – highest effectiveness
Cut wounds – highest effectiveness
Lacerations – highest effectiveness
Puncture wounds – high effectiveness
Velocity wounds – low effectiveness
Avulsions – lowest effectiveness

QuikClot
Avulsions – high effectiveness
Velocity wounds – high effectiveness
Puncture wounds – high effectiveness
Abrasions – medium effectiveness
Contusions – medium effectiveness
Crush wounds – medium effectiveness
Cut wounds – medium effectiveness
Lacerations – medium effectiveness

Tourniquet
Can only be applied on limbs
Stops bleeding from wounds
Should be taken off as fast as possible and applied only to give medic time to bandage all the wounds
If not taken off for a while it will cause pain to patient, can cause death that way